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'The most current survey reports title is Global Welded Wire Mesh Market Research Report 2023-2031 Market from 2022 to 2031 security palisade fence manufacturer , and it contains facts and figures regarding the market structure and size. The purpose of this research is to provide an in-depth evaluation of market trends and growth in order to build effective and efficient solutions for beating the worldwide Welded Wire Mesh Market Research Report 2023-2031 market. Get Free Sample Report: Welded Wire Mesh Market Research Report 2023-2031 The study has identified a potential category that is expected to grow quickly throughout the planning horizon of 2022 to 2031. The global Welded Wire Mesh Market Research Report 2023-2031 market analysis also includes a thorough investigation of the customer journey, which will help decision-makers in formulating a strategic strategy for converting more prospects into customers. 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Buy Now Full Report: Welded Wire Mesh Market Research Report 2023-2031 Market Segmentation: Market by Type : Electro Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Hot Dipped Galvanized Welded Mesh PVC Coated Welded Mesh Welded Stainless Steel Mesh Welded Wire Fencing Panels Market by Application : Construction Agricultural Industrial Transportation Horticultural Food Procuring Sector Mine Field Key Players Included In This Report Are: Banker Wire Dorstener Wire Tech STW Steel Van Merksteijn International Badische Stahlwerke AVI (EVG) Riverdale Mills Corporation Nashville Wire Products Sefar Metal Mesh Australia McNICHOLS Company WireCrafters Tree Island Steel Anping Hongyu Wire Mesh Minova Contact Us: Steven (business sale head) Datalys 442 5th Avenue #2435 Manhattan, NY 10018 United States Email : sales@datalys.com Phone : +1 (315) 512-2251 Web : www.datalys.com\n', 'Goats with horns and wire hog panels dont mix. Inevitably, the goat sticks its head through the panel to reach a tasty morsel on the other side, and when it pulls back, its horns prevent it from pulling its head out. During a presentation on Keeping goats in and predators out, Reid Redden, Texas A&M extension sheep and goats specialist, offers some fencing tips for producers with goats. When considering woven wire or net fencing for goats, Redden said producers need to pick something with width spacing of less than 4 inches so the goat cant stick its head through the fence and become stuck. When picking out a type of fence for goats, remember they arent all the same. Net wire fencing can be cost prohibitive if you are planning to fence a lot of acres. It is a little more pricy than standard fence, he said. Some producers have successfully kept goats in with electric fencing. Redden said its a lot less expensive for the materials and cheaper to put up. The key is purchasing the right electric fence charger with the right voltage. The trick is to get the correct fencing. You will need no less than five wires, and keep it extremely hot. Once the goat gets a sharp bite from the fence, which will help decision-makers in formulating a strategic strategy for converting more prospects into customers. The report provides an understanding of the parent market and its primary operations. The study contains a thorough examination of the worldwide Welded Wire Mesh Market Research Report 2023-2031 industry china temporary fence , they will stay out, he said. In many areas, ranchers opt for traditional barbwire fencing. Many of the fences are four or five wires, but Redden recommends at least five wires for goats, and notes that seven wires would be even better. You could even add some electrified wires, he said. If the fence is getting older, Redden said smooth wire or poly wire can be added to the fence. A more temporary option is electrified netting. It is not necessarily a long term solution because it degrades, Redden said. It might only last 10 years, but it is easy to put up. You can just step it in. HIRE A HERDER Keeping goats in and predators out can be a challenge, but producers have other options besides fencing. If you are growing into a larger entity where you dont own all the land or dont want to build fence, you could hire a herder to stay with the sheep and goats all the time, Redden said. Redden shares his experience with sheep and goat herders after taking a trip to Kenya a few years ago. He noticed they have virtually no fencing, and herders stayed with the goats and sheep 24 hours a day, training the animals to herd where they wanted them to go, without the assistance of dogs. The problem here is being able to afford to hire a person to do that, Redden said. Even with the government operated H-2A program that allows sheep and goat producers to hire contract herders from other countries, Redden estimates producers will pay $1,500 to $1,600 a month, as well as forecasts for future changes that might have a substantial impact on stock growth. The study then delves into the key participants in the worldwide sector in great depth. Get Discount: Welded Wire Mesh Market Research Report 2023-2031 The following national markets are researched in depth industrial chain link fence product ,000 to $15,000 a year. He figures producers will need to have at least 500 goats, and realistically 600-800 goats to afford a herder. PREDATION KILLS PROFIT Predation can cost producers more than 10 percent of the kid crop each year. Coyotes are the biggest culprits, followed by domestic dogs, bobcats, eagles, vultures and mountain lions. Coyotes are very good at killing sheep and goats. They will eat anything from newborns to adult animals. They are a threat year-around, Redden said. Finding a control method that works can be a challenge. Calling in coyotes isnt real effective in Texas because the varmints have become accustomed to it, and wont come for the call, Redden said. Snares are effective for catching coyotes, but he points out good fencing is needed for success. Producers can also use lethal control methods, leg hold traps, aerial gunning, live trapping, M44 cyanide guns and 1080 collars. Each method has benefits, but also drawbacks, Redden pointed out, recommending producers enlist the help of a good trapper or someone specializing in predator control. GUARD ANIMALS One of the most effective methods of controlling predators may be preventing predation in the first place. Redden said guard animals like donkeys, llamas and guard dogs can be very effective. Donkeys and llamas have been successful guard animals because of their aversion to canines, Redden said. They are low maintenance and will eat what the sheep and goats eat. They need limited training, but if one animal cant prevent predators, adding a second animal isnt recommended. If you add a second donkey or llama, they will wander off and form their own herd, leaving the sheep and goats unprotected he said. Donkeys or llamas may not be effective against a pack of coyotes, because one coyote can lure the guard animal away, while the others attack the goats or sheep. If a producer is planning to use a donkey or llama as a guard animal, Redden said to make sure they pick one that will tolerate kid goats or lambs. Redden finds livestock guard dogs to be more effective in protecting sheep and goats, and more than one livestock guard dog can be added to protect the animals. The dogs are effective because they mark their territory by barking, urinating and defecating in the area where the sheep and goats are. They are constantly letting predators know they are there, Redden said. A good guard dog will also keep the animals together. Guard dogs can be high maintenance. Redden said they need feed daily, although feeding stations can be set up. They arent respectful of fences, and some dogs may venture over to the neighbors and kill their chickens and eat their cat food, he said. Redden told producers to do their research before getting a guard dog. The best way to get started is with a puppy. By raising a dog from a puppy, it will become accustomed to you, your environment and your animals. If you buy an adult dog from someone else, it has less than a 50 percent chance of working out, he said. Clark is a freelance livestock journalist from western Nebraska. She can be reached by email at tclarklivenews@gmail.com Llamas can be effective guard animals for sheep and goats because of their nosy presence. However, only a single llama can be used to guard sheep and goats. If another llama is added, the animals will wander away to form their own herd, leaving the sheep and goats unprotected. Photo by Teresa Clark Show Captions Hide Captions\n', 'Photo: pexels.com Whether youre looking to contain pets or children, create privacy from passersby, or provide protection around a pool or garden, chain link fencing is one of the most affordable options for enclosing your yard. Far from the plain uncoated spiky metal of years ago, modern chain link fencing can be attractive or nearly invisible, and there are multiple options to customize and add privacy features. Chain link is designed to be durable so it stands up to wind, weather, and impact. Compared to other options for enclosing a yard, chain link fence cost is relatively low, and depending on the space, may even be installed by the homeowner. There are many variables in the pricing structure of chain link, including height and gauge, linear footage, posts, gates, and additional trims and features. While it is an affordable option, there are a lot of decisions for the homeowner to make that will affect the overall cost. Photo: pexels.com In order to calculate the cost of chain link, youll need to measure and make some choices. The math is pretty straightforwardthe decisions may not be! A chain link fence is made up of several elements. There are two types of fence posts: corner posts are deeply planted in each corner to provide shape and stability. Between the corner posts are line posts, which are thinner than corner posts and add support to the fence at 8- to 10-foot intervals. These posts are connected by a solid top rail sleeve that threads through the top of the side rails and secures at each corner post. The mesh, made of the recognizable diamond-pattern wire twists, is attached to the top rail with wire ties. Finally, the mesh is tensioned using a length of tension wire that connects to a tension bar threaded through the mesh next to the corner post. The size and height of your fence will affect the cost of each of these materials, so measuring carefully and choosing the height you need will help you build an accurate budget. Photo: pixabay.com Chain link fencing seems like a simple choicemany consumers assume theres just one style, but thats not actually true. Variations in height, gauge, finish, and other factors create different levels of security and very distinct appearances. This leaves a lot of room for creativity and cost savings; each decision can be made while balancing appearance, purpose, and budget until all three meet the buyers needs. While the total linear footage of the area to be enclosed has the greatest effect on total cost, the height and overall size can also affect the cost. Chain link fencing is available in heights from 3 feet to 12 feet, though very tall fences are less common. Taller fencing is more expensive, and custom sizing, where two pieces of chain link are spliced together for a specific height, is even more costly. The size and shape of the fence can also affect the pricing: The price of a large fence can sometimes be reduced based on the bulk pricing of supplies, but custom-shaped fences around a small area can have an unexpectedly high cost because they require more posts and labor. The gauge measurement represents the thickness of the wire that creates the mesh of a chain link fence, and it can be confusing, as the numbers are inverse to the gaugelower numbers equal thicker wire. Gauge measurements run from 6 gauge, which is the thickest chain link fence available and is usually used for commercial applications, to 11.5 gauge, which is a lighter, thinner wire more suited to residential installations. Thicker gauges are sturdier and stronger, and therefore cost more, while higher gauges offer a lighter, less visible fence and are less expensive. Much of the appeal of a chain link fence comes from the simple but still decorative diamond-shaped pattern formed by twisted wire. Measured on the inside of the diamond in both diagonal directions, the most common diamond sizes are 1 inch, 2 inch, and 3.5 inch by 5 inch. Smaller diamonds result in stronger fences that are more expensive regardless of the gauge because they require more wire to twist to make the fence. Larger diamonds are less secure, but also less expensive; reducing the mesh size from 2 inches to 1 inch can more than double the price of the mesh . Its important to check local permit requirements before selecting a diamond size: Some security fence permits demand specific diamond sizes for safety, such as those for fencing that will enclose swimming pools or livestock. Most commonly, the posts for chain link fencing are also made of metal, though some wood, vinyl, and concrete posts can also be used. The posts themselves must be set at least 2 feet below the ground, and ideally set in concrete for stability. Metal posts can range from $7.25 to $30 each, depending on the height, thickness, type, and gauge of the metal. Adding color increases the cost. Wood posts have a more natural appearance, but they are not as sturdy or long-lasting and range in cost from $10 to $50. The average total cost for posts over the course of an entire project is $3 per linear foot, including the cost of the posts themselves and the concrete needed to set them securely. Walkway gates may seem like an unnecessary extravagance, but they can be useful when moving materials in and out of the yard, admitting guests, or doing landscaping tasks, such as mowing the lawn. In addition, a well-chosen gate adds great curb appeal to the home. A simple swing gate can cost between $100 and $450 (which includes labor), depending on the height and level of decorative elements, and will also require hardware to latch or lock the gate. A double swing gate permits a larger opening in the fence and can run from $183 to $295. Enclosing an entire front yard can add a great sense of security, but full-yard enclosures need to allow vehicle access to the driveway. This can sometimes be achieved with a double swing gate, but a single or double rolling gate will be more effective and efficient, and also sturdier. Rolling gates have a wide price range depending on the width and height, but also on the mechanism used to open and close them: Wider gates require more wheels, and a heavy gate may demand a motorized opener. Based on these elements, a driveway gate can range in cost from $800 to $7,600. Privacy slats are strips of colored material that can be woven through the openings in chain link fencing to provide privacy and add color or style to the fence. Available in plastic or wood, they can be installed at the same time as the fence or added later as a DIY project to save on labor costs. Slats cost about $4 to $50 per box, and if installed by a contractor will likely cost an additional $2 to $4 per linear foot to install. Other privacy options include climbing vine and fabric screens that can be attached to the fence. Handy homeowners who prefer the lower cost of chain link fence but dont care for the look can even build wood panels to attach to block chain fence from view. When choosing galvanized or bare metal chain link fencing, a powder coating provides protection from rust and corrosion, increasing the lifespan of the fence and reducing maintenance time and cost. In addition, powder coating adds an attractive textured matte finish that can enhance the curb appeal of the fence. Expect to pay an additional $6 to $8 per linear foot for powder coating. Powder coating is not a DIY job, but homeowners who want to protect their fences and add color can paint the fence themselves. Its not a quick, easy, or inexpensive job, however; oil-based primer goes on first, followed by several coats of exterior-grade paint on both sides of the fence. Supplies will run about $55 on average. Having someone else do the work for you will average out to around $7 per linear foot. Photo: depositphotos.com So far, the calculation of chain link privacy fence cost has been mostly based on choices made by the homeowner. However, there are additional costs that are outside of the homeowners control. The existing state of the yard will govern many of these costs and, while there is some leeway to reduce them by doing the work yourself, others will require professional assistance or be mandated by local regulations. Old fencing must be fully removed before a new fence can be installed. This will cost, on average, between $3 and $5 per linear foot. This job can be done by a cautious homeowner to save on labor costs, but its important to remember that chain link can be heavy and unwieldy. One cost benefit? Its often possible to find a salvage company that will haul away the materials for free recyclingand maybe even pay you by weight for the scrap! The salvage value may more than cover the cost of removal. National averages for the installation of posts and mesh run between $7 and $15 per linear foot. The range is wide, which means that getting several estimates is key. If you choose to install the fence yourself, the labor costs will be free, unless you need to rent a posthole digger or other specialty tools. Some homeowners choose to hire professionals to set the posts and then install the fence themselves, saving on labor costs. For a chain link fence to work properly as an enclosure, it must be set in the ground consistently. That means the land must be level and clear of shrubs, trees, and roots. Depending on whats in the way, this can sharply increase the cost of the project. Landscaping and tree removal costs can be negotiated but can add as much as $5,500 to the cost of the fence, while working around existing structures, such as sheds or trees, can add between $2 and $5 per linear foot. Grading a sloped yard to level will add between $5 and $10 per square foot. Chain link fencing is essentially metal strapped to other metal, so in addition to the mesh, top rail, and posts, youll need materials to attach them together . Every two lengths of top rail that need to be joined will require one top rail sleeve. For each post, purchase one loop cap to secure the top rail and one post cap. Each corner post requires a tension bar, a rail end, a brace band, and a carriage bolt to secure the rails to the post and stretch the mesh. Gates will also require a tension bar. A length of tension wire equal to the linear footage is necessary to stretch the bottom of the mesh. Finally, purchase one fence tie per linear foot to attach the mesh to the top rail, and select hardware to close and lock the gate. The cost of this hardware doesnt vary much by style, but will increase with the total linear footage of the fence. Some municipalities require permits for fences to ensure that they meet the ordinances and codes of the areas. Permits will dictate a number of factors in the chain link fences installation, including how close the fence is to the property line, how tall the fence is (this can be different in the front and back yard), and how deep the posts must be set. This is not an occasion to try to squeak by without getting a permit: The cost of removing a fence installed three inches too close to the property line will be enormous, and then youll have to decide whether or not to reinstall. Photo: depositphotos.com Chain link fencing is efficient and economical, but there are a number of options when it comes to purpose and appearance. The type of mesh is usually chosen based on your planned application, style of your home, and location, as some climates really require a protective coating on the metal. Consider these choices when planning your project. Galvanized chain link fencing has been treated to resist rust and corrosion. Its durable, strong, and somewhat utilitarian in appearance, and its the standard for commercial applications. This style costs between $5 and $15 per linear foot, depending on height. This style of chain link fence has a PVC mesh coating over the metal to protect the fencing from salt water corrosion, and its often used in coastal areas that flood frequently to extend the life of the fence and allow water to flow freely through without damage. Cyclone fencing costs between $8 and $40 per linear foot depending on gauge and height. Vinyl-covered chain link fencing, usually available in black and green (and occasionally in other colors), can add an elegant appearance to the fencing and protect the metal from corrosion. The vinyl adds significantly to the cost, ringing up at between $13 and $40 per linear foot, but it reduces the time and cost of maintenance. Theres no law that says you have to stick to metal posts for your chain link fence. Other materials such as wood posts (which can look beautifully rustic with black chain link) or other metals such as wrought iron, steel, or aluminum can combine with chain link for unique and artistic installations. These will come at a cost, however: Pricing will vary based on the materials and what you choose to do with them, but they can add as much as $100 per linear foot. Regardless of whether youre considering fencing for a commercial enclosure, protection of HVAC equipment, or to enclose your yard, chain link is a practical choice with numerous options for customization at a comparably economical cost. There are, however, a number of specific benefits to this style of fence that may not be as obvious. For some home buyers, security is everything, and a well-maintained, attractive chain link fence provides what they need and exponentially increases the value of the home. Others, especially buyers with young children or pets, may be more interested in efficiently keeping residents inside the fence: Chain link is considered the best type of fence for containing pets, and it provides a layer of security for children playing outdoors. In a home with a pool, a fence enclosing the pool provides extra security against accidents for which the homeowner would be liable. The relief of knowing that fence installation wont be one of their first tasks as a homeowner can increase the value for these buyers in any area. A chain link fence isnt easy for humans to climb. It presents a visual challenge that is often enough to discourage intruders from even attempting to gain access, and if tall enough will prevent them from gaining access if they do try, protecting your home and belongings. Treated or coated to resist rust and corrosion, most chain link fences require nothing more than an occasional spray wash. Even when rust does appear, a quick hit with a wire brush and some sealant will take care of the problem. All the connections and joints are visible, so if damage does occur, its simple to reconnect the mesh to the posts or railsor even replace a piece of mesh seamlessly without removing the rest. The biggest maintenance task will likely be removing vines that try to climb the links. There are many stylistic and functional choices available when selecting chain link fencing. The precise combination of mesh and post materials, gauge, diamond size, and privacy elements, along with the style of gates and post caps, means that your fence will be uniquely customized to your specifications. Chain link installation is not complicated. If homeowners have the know-how and the yard is reasonably level, it can be a DIY project. When hiring professionals, its a quick job: Once the landscaping is clear, most crews will need a day to set the posts and another day or two to hang the fence. For those on a tight budget and tight timeline, chain link is an ideal option. Even basic galvanized chain link can stand up well to the elements. Because of the open weave of the mesh, a chain link fence will not catch the wind as a solid fence will, so it is suitable for high wind conditions. Water can pass smoothly through the mesh without damaging the fence, making chain link ideal for locations where flooding is frequent. A properly installed chain link fence can hold up for more than 25 years, even in locations where the weather tests it on a regular basis. Photo: depositphotos.com Of all of the fencing options available to homeowners, chain link fencing is the most appropriate for the DIY-inclined. There is little need for ultra-accurate measurement or special skills: Once a homeowner has appropriately researched the process and the options and acquired the materials, its a matter of digging and setting the posts, installing and tensioning the top rails, then stretching and tying on the mesh and any privacy elements. Things to bear in mind, however, include the specialty tools that make the job manageablethose digging in rocky or dense clay soil will benefit from a gas-powered posthole auger, which incurs a rental cost, and wire cutters, pipe cutters, and fence stretchers will add to the DIY cost if the homeowner doesnt already own them. Mixing the concrete to set the poles can be difficult for those who dont have experience with assessing the consistency of concrete. Finally, the weight and unwieldy nature of rolls of wire fencing can be more than some homeowners can handle. A professional crew can have a chain link fence up in just a few days with minimal fuss: These teams already own the tools and have the expertise to work around unanticipated obstacles such as uneven ground, obstinate tree roots, and tangled fencing. They arent likely to struggle with setting fence posts at the exact level, slicing themselves on exposed wire, or fighting with a tension strap that wont hold. The discount that contractors get on materials, plus the savings on delivery, tool rental, and time, may make hiring a professional financially worthwhile. Dont be afraid to call in a professional if you plan to DIY and find yourself in over your head. Many contractors will be happy to fit your job in and take over where you left off. You can search for fence installation near me to find a professional to work with. Photo: pexels.com Compared to other types of fences , chain link is considered the most economical. That said, there are several things you can do to reduce the overall costs. Installation of chain link fencing is a fairly clear process, but as always, when hiring a contractor to work on your property you need to make sure you know what youre asking for and what conditions are in place. Dont be afraid to ask for documentation or to see samples. Because chain link fencing cost varies so much based on height and materials, its important to get several estimates. Some contractors may only work with a limited set of materials, and if youre looking for something different, you shouldnt settle for the materials any one professional has on offer. Some questions you should have answers to include: After all these considerations, you may be overwhelmed. Here are a few questions that homeowners often have when considering their fencing and their answers, which should make the decision a little easier. On average, yes. Of course, it depends on the options you select: A tall, heavy-gauge chain link fence will be more expensive than a shorter, simple wood fence. But when comparing size and quality, chain link fence is $5 to $15 less per linear square foot than wood. A chain link fence installed by the homeowner is the least expensive option for a complete enclosure. A chain link fence is largely maintenance-free. You may want to wash it with hose spray from time to time and can add soap if its particularly dirty, but chain link will mostly maintain itself. Keep an eye out for damage or sagging, as an easy and inexpensive repair can be done if the issue is handled promptly. If you have chosen to paint the fence, maintenance will include repainting every few years or when the paint begins to show wear. This depends on the purpose of the fence. Heights are usually limited by local ordinance. If the fence is enclosing a swimming pool, state and local government will likely have a requirement. Basic security and pet enclosure will require a 4-foot fence, while large pets or additional privacy might make a 6-foot fence more appropriate (dogs are surprisingly adept at climbing fences, so consider the full-grown size of any young dogs in your household when choosing a height).\n', 'Good livestock fencing surely makes good neighbors, and with the right types of farm fencing, you and your animals will experience the joys of low-stress livestock management. A one-size-fits-all solution to livestock fencing doesnt exist youll need different kinds of fences for different purposes. Fences work in two basic ways: physical and psychological. A 12-foot-tall stone wall in good repair will keep most animals in or out no matter how much they rub, scratch or try to climb it. Conversely, a fence created with a single strand of lightweight polywire conductor offers little in the way of a physical barrier, but it will serve as a psychological barrier after your animals have been shocked by it. The best fences integrate both physical and psychological components. *Relative costs are based on new posts and four runs of smooth or barbed wire, or a single run of woven or welded wire. ^Relative strengths are based on commonly available and comparable wire sizes. + Ease of installation is based on technical and physical aspects of post setting as well as wire stretching and hanging. Steel wire continues to be among the most economical materials from which to construct fences. Smooth steel wire is most often used to manufacture barbed wire or woven wire fence. Wire fences rely on braced end posts and line posts installed between them to support the wire. Posts can be made of wood, steel, plastic or fiberglass. Typical installations include braced 7- to 8-inch-diameter wood end posts with steel T-posts in between. Steel posts are easy to drive by hand, while wood posts generally require you to dig post holes and tamp soil around each post. Low-tensile (conventional) steel wire with a low carbon content is still used to construct most wire fences. This material bends and stretches easily, but is relatively inelastic so if it stretches, it doesnt contract back to its original state. These characteristics mean that its easy to work with, but also subject to sagging and breakage. Conventional wire requires more line posts spaced closer together for support than high-tensile wire. High-tensile wire is more difficult to work with, but fences made of it stay tighter longer because the wire is stronger and more elastic. Working with high-tensile wire also requires greater care with setting end posts and braces due to the additional tension they must bear. While the high-tensile wire itself may cost more than its conventional counterpart, you can choose a lighter gauge high-tensile wire and get the same or greater strength than you would with conventional. High-tensile wire fences require fewer line posts, which saves money and labor overall. Choose smooth wire for your farm\xa0fencing project if you want to control livestock with minimal chance of injury. Because you must design this fence to serve as a physical barrier, you should only use high-tensile wire, which is relatively easier to install than barbed wire. Most experts recommend electrifying one or more strands to make smooth wire fence more effective. Non-electric, high-tensile smooth wire fencing relies on a series of tightly stretched wires with relatively small spacing intervals from about 6 to at least 52 inches off the ground (depending on animal type) to be effective. High-tensile, smooth wire fences can work for horses and quiet cattle the strands will need to be tighter and more closely spaced to contain sheep or goats. Barbed wires success as an inexpensive farm\xa0fencing material is due to its strength as a physical barrier combined with its pointed barbs that serve as a good psychological barrier. The wire stands up to an animals first few encounters, which prove sufficiently uncomfortable that the animal will avoid the fence. Low-tensile (mild) steel barbed wire is easy to install, although care must be taken to keep from getting cut. Barbed wire is also available as a high-tensile product, which has a longer service life, plus more elasticity and strength. As with high-tensile fencing of virtually any kind, the barbed wire version requires significantly fewer line posts but stouter end posts. Smooth wire woven into a mesh makes an effective physical barrier for all animals because the height and the number of horizontal and vertical wires vary widely. The principal weakness to woven wire mesh is that it offers little to no psychological deterrent, and animals will eventually break it down. You can strengthen it by adding barbed wire or electrified strands at appropriate heights for your animals. Most woven wire fences are topped with at least one strand of electric or barbed wire a strand of barbed wire at goat- or sheep-flank height will deter fleece rubbing and back scratching. Woven wire is moderately difficult to install, especially in hilly areas. High-tensile woven wire makes an excellent choice because its lighter gauges which are as strong as or stronger than heavier gauges of conventional wire are easier to work with. The material can also be stretched sufficiently taut to withstand much more animal abuse than conventional mesh. For a full look at your wire choices, see All About Wire at the end of this article. Rigid, fixed-length, heavy-gauge wire (up to quarter-inch) panels are generally available in lengths up to 16 feet. Stock panels are perfect for constructing corrals and other enclosures where animal contact is likely or where you dont wish to construct braced end-post structures. Wire the ends of four stock panels together with fence posts added to the interior and corners and you have a free-standing, 16-by-16-foot enclosure. Hog and sheep panels tend to top out at about 34 inches tall and generally offer closer spacing of the lower horizontals to prevent baby pigs and young lambs from worming their way through. Cattle panels and so-called combination panels are typically 52 inches tall. Combination panels have smaller openings at the bottom and are more expensive than cattle panels, but will hold baby lambs and cattle. If installed permanently, stock panels should be stapled or wired to posts of sufficient size and length to withstand the expected animal pressure. In typical corral installations, where groups of cattle are likely to press on the panels, 8-inch-diameter posts sunk 3 feet into the ground and spaced every 4 feet should work. With smaller groups of sheep, you might get away with T-posts spaced every 8 feet. If securing hogs, remember they like to root, so fasten the panels securely to the posts or theyll lift them out of their way. Modern electric fencing is as safe as it is effective, and works well for both permanent and portable installations. To do its job, electric fencing must deliver a powerful shock every time an animal comes into contact with a conductor (wire), or close enough that a high-voltage arc forms between the animal and the conductor. That shock relies on an energizer, which sends a pulse of high-voltage electrons into the fences conductor(s), and a functioning grounding system that facilitates the electron pulses movement. If the electric fence system is set up properly, the animal is always grounded, and if the animal gets too close to a conductor, the shock will be memorable but harmless. If the electric ground is faulty, the animal may avoid getting shocked at all. To keep the electrons in the conductor from routinely finding their way to the ground, you need to suspend the conductors from wood or steel posts with specially designed insulators. (You can also use line posts constructed of insulating polymers or fiberglass.) Youll need to insulate the conductors from any non-electric fences. Never use barbed wire as a conductor . An animal or human might get caught by the wire and possibly get shocked senseless or even to death. High-tensile smooth wire makes an excellent electric fence conductor, though it works best in permanent or semipermanent installations. If you wish to fortify a non-electric fence with an electric strand or two, high-tensile wire is the way to go. For portable electric fences, light metal wire is an effective conductor, but its difficult to see, harder to wind onto spools and heavy. Twines twisted from ultraviolet-stabilized polymers and fine metallic threads (polywire) are light and easy to spool and unspool, but they wont carry as much shocking potential for the same distance as solid wire. Specialized, braided wire/polymer lines and ribbons generally have a mid-level shock-carrying capacity and are resilient to numerous spooling and unspooling cycles. For more on electric fencing types, including electric mesh and the best portable options for your livestock, check out Electric Fencing Basics and The Value of Portable Electric Fences on the Farm . Keeping your chickens safely penned requires mesh fencing designed for smaller birds. You can use electric netting, specialized woven wire with sufficiently small openings, lightweight welded mesh wire, or poultry mesh (sometimes called chicken wire). For a permanent installation, lightweight welded wire mesh with 2-by-4-inch openings will work. A step up from this would be the heavier and more expensive 2-by-4-inch mesh woven wire (often recommended for goats). A step down would be so-called poultry mesh. The goat fencing will last longer than the welded wire mesh, which will outlast the poultry mesh. The goat mesh will arguably be the most attractive (the lighter meshes tend to sag). For areas up to 10-by-10 feet, you can use lumber of light scantling (slight width and thickness) to create frames that are each 10 feet long. Construct panels by covering the frames with poultry mesh, then put the panels together to enclose the desired area. For portable enclosures, electric mesh fencing makes the most sense for areas larger than 10-by-10 feet. Even beyond poultry, electric netting works well in temporary to semi-permanent fences for controlling difficult-to-contain animals. The typical tensioned-wire fence exerts a minimum of 1,000 pounds of pull on an anchor post. An anchor post serving as a corner post must withstand that much pull in two directions. Soil movement due to temperature and moisture fluctuation, and livestock or wildlife collisions with the wire, can easily increase the pull to 2,500 pounds or more??a load considerably greater than an average unbraced post can bear for any extended period. Though there are many ways to brace anchor posts, the two-post horizontal, diagonal Kiwi and rock crib (or cairn) braces offer all you need. (Find images and more details on these bracing techniques in Cures for the Common Fence .) A two-post horizontal fence corner consists of a pair of two-post horizontal braces that share a common anchor (corner) post. Sink all posts a minimum of 3 feet and tamp the earth carefully and thoroughly when filling the holes. Install diagonal brace wire from just above ground level on the anchor post to about the level of the horizontal rail on the brace post. Tighten the brace wire by twisting it with a stick, Spanish windlass style. A well-built Kiwi brace places the pinned diagonal brace posts end on a smooth rock so that it can slide back and forth. Prevent it from splaying by wrapping a loop of brace wire around it and the anchor post below the lowest wire, and tightening it with a stick in the same manner as for the two-post horizontal fence corner. Where stone is plentiful, you can make a loop of wire mesh about 4 feet in diameter, sandwich it between two posts wired together, and fill it with stone to create an anchor for all but the most highly tensioned fences. Wire of various forms and materials are used for livestock fences, but not all wire is created equal. Before you make a large investment in fencing wire of any kind, you will want to consider these facts: Former Editorial Director and current Editor at Large for Ogden Publications, Hank Will is a business leader, academic, and agricultural practitioner devoted to conservation and small scale, sustainable agriculture. His current project, Prairie Turnip Farm in rural Osage County, Kansas, is home to direct-market Highland beef, landrace lamb, soap, feral bee, hay, and metal-working businesses.\n'